The journey of African migrants seeking to enter Europe through Tunisia has become increasingly perilous and deadly. On a 24-hour patrol with the Tunisian coast guard, it became clear that this is now the busiest migrant route in the world, with over 180 people rescued in just one day. These migrants, many of whom hail from Ivory Coast, Guinea, Sudan, Yemen, Libya, and Syria, are desperate to escape war zones and poverty and find a better life in Europe. However, their attempts often end in tragedy, with thousands losing their lives at sea.
The shift in migration routes to Tunisia was prompted by intensified patrols and deportations by the Libyan authorities, diverting migrants to take the perilous sea journey from Tunisia instead. This has created significant challenges for Tunisia, as it struggles to manage the influx of migrants and put in place effective border controls and anti-smuggling initiatives. In response, the European Commission has offered $115 million in aid to support Tunisia’s efforts, though the exact allocation of this funding has yet to be determined.
During our patrol, we witnessed the rescue of multiple boats, each filled with migrants who had paid smugglers exorbitant prices for a chance to reach Europe. These migrants face great hardships, often packed into unstable vessels and forced to endure treacherous conditions at sea. Many attempt the crossing multiple times, despite the risks, driven by desperate circumstances and the hope of a better future.
The tragic consequences of this migration route are evident in the unmarked graves on the outskirts of Sfax, where over 700 unidentified migrants, including young children, have been buried this year alone. Tunisian smugglers are known for using worn-out, unsuitable metal boats, contributing to the high number of deaths at sea. Local fishermen describe the devastation of discovering bodies, particularly those of children, and lament the transformation of their coastline into a graveyard.
The work of the Tunisian coast guard is crucial in saving lives, but it is an uphill battle against powerful smuggling networks and the desperation of migrants. The patrols intercept boats one after another, but the cycle continues, with more migrants released to try again after having their details checked by authorities.
The situation highlights the complex challenges of migration and the urgent need for international cooperation and support. While efforts to address the root causes of migration and provide safe and legal pathways for migrants are essential, immediate action must also be taken to prevent further loss of life at sea. This requires sustained investment in search-and-rescue operations, intensified border controls, and efforts to dismantle smuggling networks.
As we drove away from the port, leaving behind dozens of migrants walking along the road, one thing was clear – their determination to keep trying, despite the risks. For these migrants, there is a sense of having nothing to lose after fleeing war and poverty. The international community must step up its efforts to address the humanitarian crisis unfolding on Tunisia’s shores and provide a compassionate and sustainable response to the plight of these migrants seeking a better life in Europe.
