Pablo Picasso is known as one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, but his personal relationships were filled with complexity and controversy. The recent revelations about the “trail of female carnage” he left behind have sparked discussions about the impact of his relationships on his art. From his first wife, Olga Khokhlova, to his mistress, Marie-Thérèse Walter, Picasso’s treatment of women raises questions about his artistic intentions and the societal context in which he lived.
One of Picasso’s most famous quotes, “I paint the way some people write an autobiography,” sheds light on his motivation for creating art. His relationships with the women in his life served as catalysts for his work. However, as art critic Louisa Buck points out, these relationships also left a “trail of female carnage.” Fernande Olivier, Picasso’s first great love, was left financially unstable. Olga Khokhlova became emotionally unstable and Marie-Thérèse Walter tragically took her own life after Picasso’s death.
It is important to consider Picasso’s upbringing and the societal norms of his time when evaluating his treatment of women. Growing up in a macho, patriarchal environment in late 19th century Andalusia, Picasso’s attitudes towards women were deeply influenced by the cultural context in which he was raised. Prostitution was commonplace and deemed acceptable, which undoubtedly had an impact on Picasso’s views and behavior.
Picasso and Olga Khokhlova met in 1917, when he was commissioned to create designs for a ballet. Despite their initial connection, their marriage was marked by turmoil. The contrasting paintings of Khokhlova reflect Picasso’s evolving perception of her. In the first painting, completed in 1918, Khokhlova is depicted realistically, her face mask-like and inscrutable. This portrayal hints at her personal struggles, including the fate of her family members in Russia during the Revolution.
Picasso’s restlessness as an artist is mirrored in his personal relationships. By 1929, his affair with Marie-Thérèse Walter had caused the breakdown of his marriage to Khokhlova. The second painting of Khokhlova, from that period, is much more hostile, depicting her as a hag and a monster. This shift in representation reflects Picasso’s anger and frustration towards Khokhlova for not quietly accepting their separation.
The art critic, Michael Cary, notes that Picasso’s depiction of women shifted throughout their relationships. What started as portraits of his beautiful wife slowly transformed into grotesque depictions full of resentment and anguish. The contrast between the two paintings highlights Picasso’s emotional journey and the deteriorating love between him and Khokhlova.
The societal norms of the time allowed Picasso to manipulate and control the women in his life. He treated Fernande Olivier as a possession, even imprisoning her inside their studio. Psychotherapist Philippa Perry highlights that although his behavior is unacceptable by today’s standards, it was commonplace during that period. Women were seen as objects to be controlled, much like the paint on a canvas. Picasso’s desire for control extended beyond his art into his personal life.
Despite the controversy surrounding his treatment of women, Picasso’s art continues to be highly regarded. Art critic Louisa Buck argues that the complexities and contradictions within his work contribute to its greatness. Picasso cannot simply be dismissed or “cancelled.” Just as the paintings of Khokhlova are open to interpretation, so too is the artist himself. As his daughter, Paloma Picasso, states: “You can’t just say he’s a monster or he’s a genius – he’s just a man.”
Picasso’s legacy is one that sparks dialogue about the relationship between an artist’s personal life and their art. While it is crucial to acknowledge the harm caused by his actions, it is equally important to recognize the artistic value and complexity of his creations. Understanding Picasso’s work within the societal context of his time allows for a more nuanced and comprehensive examination of his impact as an artist. Picasso: The Beauty and the Beast is a documentary that delves into these complexities, inviting viewers to explore the intricate layers of Picasso’s life and art.
