India’s ancient carpet weaving industry is undergoing a transformation with the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technology. The traditional handwoven carpets and rugs of Kashmir have always incorporated intricate patterns and designs encoded through a symbolic code called talim. For centuries, weavers like Mohammad Rafiq Sofi have used talim designs to create carpets, following a labor-intensive process that could take months to complete a single carpet. However, with the introduction of computer software and now AI, the process has become more efficient and streamlined.
In the past, a designer would draw up a carpet design, which would then be encoded into sections of talim code. These sections would be sent to the weavers like Mr. Sofi, who would translate them to determine where to knot each thread and which colors to use. With hundreds of sections required for a full carpet, mistakes were difficult to spot and correct, resulting in time-consuming errors. However, computer software has now automated the design and creation of talim code, providing weavers with a holistic view of the entire design and allowing them to anticipate and rectify potential problems in advance.
The latest innovation in the industry involves the integration of AI technology. Technology companies like International Virtual Assistance are training AI systems to understand and decode talim code. By showing the AI systems pictures of carpets and lines of talim code, they are able to learn and analyze the code. Although a human still needs to write the code, the AI systems can now assist weavers by decoding the talim instructions, thereby speeding up the manufacturing process.
This integration of AI technology into the carpet weaving industry is driven by the increasing demand for carpets as India grows wealthier. Consumers now seek carpets that are fashionable, long-lasting, and low maintenance. Conventional techniques used in carpet making are often labor-intensive and slow, making it difficult to meet these evolving consumer needs. Therefore, innovation and the adoption of new manufacturing techniques are crucial to ensuring the industry remains competitive.
While the introduction of new technology and AI has revolutionized the industry, it is important to strike a balance between traditional and modern techniques. Aditya Gupta, the founder of Rug Republic, emphasizes the importance of maintaining the traditional and handmade aspects of the manufacturing process. At Rug Republic, new technology has been introduced for designing, washing, and drying carpets, as well as monitoring moisture levels. Additionally, new materials such as recycled jeans, cotton, and leather have been experimented with. However, Gupta recognizes that the charm consumers seek lies in the traditional and handmade elements of the industry.
To maintain authenticity and combat counterfeit products, an official tagging system has also been introduced in the industry. Through scanning a QR code, buyers can verify the carpet designer and the manufacturing process. This initiative has played a significant role in preserving the industry and contributing to the local economy. In Jammu and Kashmir alone, the carpet industry employs around 50 thousand workers, producing rugs and carpets worth around £36m ($28m) annually.
Overall, the integration of AI technology with the ancient carpet weaving industry in India is revolutionizing the manufacturing process. It allows for faster production, more efficient design, and greater adaptability to meet evolving consumer demands. However, it is crucial to strike a balance between traditional and modern techniques to preserve the unique artistic charm that handmade carpets offer. With the adoption of new technology and the preservation of traditional craftsmanship, the industry can thrive and continue to contribute to the local economy while meeting the changing needs and tastes of customers.
