In Eswatini, Africa’s last absolute monarchy, parliamentary elections are taking place amidst controversy and criticism. The elections, the first since the deadly pro-democracy protests in 2021, have been dismissed as a farce aimed at legitimizing the absolute monarchy rather than bringing about meaningful change. The country’s political landscape is unique, with political parties being banned since 1973, forcing candidates to run as independent individuals.
Critics argue that the lack of political party representation undermines the democratic process and limits the power of elected officials, who only serve in an advisory capacity. Real power rests with King Mswati III, who not only selects additional representatives but also appoints the cabinet, prime minister, judges, and commands the country’s security forces. The monarchy’s crackdown on dissent further stifles opposition and undermines the prospect of political reform.
Previous protests and clashes between security forces and demonstrators have highlighted widespread discontent and calls for democratic rule in Eswatini. The government’s response to the protests, which resulted in the deaths of numerous individuals, has been a subject of concern for human rights organizations. Opposition lawmakers have faced detainment and exile for advocating for democratic change, while critics and journalists who speak out against the monarchy have been prosecuted.
The current election has raised skepticism among many Swazis regarding its potential for bringing about meaningful change. The lack of accountability for the executive and the king, as well as the limitations imposed on elected representatives, diminish the prospects of addressing key issues, such as poverty and inequality. Eswatini has a significant portion of its population living below the international poverty line, while the king enjoys an opulent lifestyle characterized by luxury cars and watches.
With Eswatini’s election results expected to be announced soon, the nation’s future hangs in the balance. The outcome will shed light on whether genuine efforts towards political reform and democratization can be achieved in the face of an entrenched monarchy. International observers will be closely monitoring developments to assess the credibility and legitimacy of these elections within the context of democratic principles.
It is crucial to study the situation in Eswatini closely and examine the dynamics of power between the monarchy, the elected representatives, and the people. The implications of the election will reverberate not only within Eswatini but also across the African continent and the international community, as the struggle for democracy continues in one of the few remaining absolute monarchies in the world.
