This article explores the fascinating and previously unknown story of Sita Ram, an Indian artist who painted for British rulers during the early 19th century. Sita Ram’s paintings, which were hidden for decades, provide a unique visual narrative of a historical expedition and shed light on India’s past. The impact of this discovery and its implications for Indian art and history are discussed in this comprehensive article.
Sita Ram, an obscure and anonymous artist, traveled extensively with Lord Hastings, the governor general of India, from June 1814 to October 1815. During this journey, Sita Ram depicted the buildings and landscapes they encountered in 229 large watercolor paintings. These paintings, along with Lord Hastings’ written account, provide a continuous visual narration of the expedition. The tranquil and beautiful creations in the paintings make them highly valuable in understanding Indian painting.
For almost a century and a half, Sita Ram’s works remained hidden from the world, and his name was unknown. It wasn’t until 1974, when two albums containing 46 paintings were sold at auction, that the world glimpsed the talent of this previously unrecognized artist. Specialists of Indian paintings recognized Sita Ram as one of the most important Indian artists of his time, but little was known about him.
The discovery of Sita Ram’s paintings and their connection to Lord Hastings shed light on his patronage and the continued work of the artist even after Hastings left India. Sita Ram’s artworks are classified as Company Paintings, distinguished by their use of watercolor on paper. These paintings were commissioned by the English East India Company as it expanded its control over India.
Despite our growing knowledge of Sita Ram, many questions still remain unanswered. While he hailed from Bengal and was likely trained in the late Mughal school of Murshidabad, the specifics of his training and influences are yet to be fully understood. His precise style of draughtsmanship and versatility as an artist working for European patrons in the early 19th century make him a significant figure in Indian art history.
The significance of Sita Ram’s paintings goes beyond their artistic value. They provide invaluable insights into India’s past before the age of photography and the Archaeological Survey. Through his artwork, Sita Ram captures the essence of a bygone era and showcases the changing urban landscape that encroaches on historical settings.
The exhibition of Sita Ram’s paintings by DAG in Delhi is a major milestone in recognizing the talent and contributions of this once-obscure Indian artist. It offers a rare opportunity for art enthusiasts and historians to experience the visual narrative of a historical expedition and gain a deeper understanding of India’s past.
The rediscovery of Sita Ram’s artwork has sparked renewed interest in Indian art history and the contributions of lesser-known artists. It serves as a reminder of the importance of preserving and uncovering hidden treasures that can enhance our understanding of cultural heritage. As Sita Ram’s name becomes known to a wider audience, his paintings will undoubtedly receive the recognition they deserve, securing his place in the annals of Indian art history.
